Scent hounds (or scenthounds) are a type of hound that primarily hunts by scent rather than sight. These breeds are hunting dogs and are generally regarded as having some of the most sensitive noses among canines.
Hounds are hunting dogs that either hunt by following the scent of a game animal (scenthounds) or by following the animal by sight (sighthounds). There are many breeds in the scenthound type, and scenthounds may do other work as well, so exactly which breeds should be called scenthound can be controversial. Kennel clubs assign breeds of dogs to Groups, which are loosely based on breed types. Each kennel club determines which breeds it will place in a given group.
Scent hounds specialize in following a smell or scent. Most of these breeds have long, drooping ears. One theory says that this trait helps to collect scent from the air and keep it near the dog's face and nose. They also have large nasal cavities, which also helps to help them smell better. Their typically loose, moist lips are said to assist in trapping scent particles.
Most of these breeds have deep, booming voices and use them actively when running, and especially when following a scent trail. Although this can be a nuisance in settled areas, it is a valuable trait that allows the dog's handler to follow the dog or pack of dogs during a hunt even when they are out of sight, such as when following a fox or raccoon through woodland.
Scent hounds do not need to be as fast as sight hounds, because they do not need to keep prey in sight, but they need endurance so that they can stick with a scent and follow it for long distances over rough terrain. The best scent hounds can follow a scent trail even across running water and even when it is several days old. Most scent hounds are used for hunting in packs of multiple dogs. Longer-legged hounds run more quickly and usually require that the hunters follow on horseback; shorter-legged hounds allow hunters to follow on foot. Hunting with some breeds, such as German Bracke, American Foxhounds, or coonhounds, involves allowing the pack of dogs to run freely while the hunters wait in a fixed spot until the dogs' baying announces that the game has been "treed". The hunters then go to the spot on foot, following the sound of the dogs' baying.[1]
The Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) places scent hounds into their classification "Group 6". This includes a subdivision, "Section 2, Leash Hounds", some examples of which are the Bavarian Mountain Scenthound (Bayrischer Gebirgsschweisshund, no. 217), the Hanoverian Scenthound (Hannover'scher Schweisshund, no. 213), and the Alpine Dachsbracke (Alpenländische Dachsbracke, no. 254). In addition, the Dalmatian and the Rhodesian Ridgeback are placed in Group 6 as "Related breeds".
The United Kennel Club divides its Scenthound Group into two categories. The first, Tree Hounds, includes the American hunting dogs known as coonhounds and the European hounds from which they were developed. The second category is named Trailing Scenthounds, and includes dogs used for the tracking of game animals, and of humans (as in search-and-rescue, and fugitive capture). They are also used for explosives detection. The Trailing group are reputedly descended from a type of bloodhound kept by monks in Belgium.[2]
Contents
[hide]Genetic history[edit]
Genetic studies confirm the long-standing belief that all scent hounds share a more recent common ancestor with each other than they do with other branches on the dog family tree. Furthermore, the common ancestor of the scent hounds and spaniels is more recent than the ancestor both these share with the next most closely related groups of dogs: the schnauzers, poodles, and other water dogs.[3]
Breeds[edit]
The scent hound type includes the following breeds:
- Alpine Dachsbracke
- American Foxhound
- Anglo-French hounds (crossed with English Foxhounds)
- Ariegeois
- Artois Hound
- Austrian black and tan hound
- Basset Artesien Normand
- Basset Bleu de Gascogne
- Basset Fauve de Bretagne
- Basset Hound
- Bavarian Mountain hound
- Beagle
- Beagle-Harrier
- Berner Laufhund
- Bloodhound
- Catahoula Leopard Hound
- Coonhound
- Dachshund
- Drever
- Dunker
- English Foxhound
- Estonian Hound
- Finnish Hound
- Foxhound
- Français tricolore
- Français blanc et noir
- Français blanc et orange
- Gascon Saintongeois
- Grand Basset Griffon Vendeen
- Grand Bleu de Gascogne
- Hamiltonstövare
- Hanover Hound
- Harrier
- Hungarian hound
- Istrian Coarse-haired Hound
- Istrian Shorthaired Hound
- Kerry Beagle
- Kritikos Ichnilatis (Cretan Hound)
- Norwegian Lundehund
- Otterhound
- Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen
- Perro fino Colombiano
- Piccolo Lepraiolo Italiano
- Plott Hound
- Polish Hound (pl.Ogar Polski )
- Polish Scenthound (pl.Gonczy Polski )
- Porcelaine
- Posavac Hound
- Rache (obsolete)
- Sabueso Español (Spanish Scenthound)
- Segugio Italiano a Pelo Forte
- Segugio Italiano a Pelo Raso
- Segugio Maremmano
- Serbian Hound
- Serbian Tricolour Hound
- Schweizer Laufhund
- Slovensky Kopov (Slovakian Hound)
- Talbot (extinct)
- Westphalian Dachsbracke
United Kennel Club Scenthound Group[edit]
The Scenthound Group is the group category used by the United Kennel Club (US), which it divides into two categories. The first includes the American hunting dogs known as coonhounds and the European hounds from which they were developed. These are referred to as Tree Hounds. The category also includes curs, American dogs bred for hunting bears, feral pigs, and similar large game. The second category is referred to as trailing scenthounds, and includes dogs used for tracking of humans, reputedly descended from the St. Hubert Hounds (ancestor of today's Bloodhound breed) kept by monks in Belgium.[4]
Coonhounds[edit]
| Breed | Fédération Cynologique Internationale | The Kennel Club (UK) | Canadian Kennel Club | American Kennel Club | Australian National Kennel Council | New Zealand Kennel Club |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| American Black & Tan Coonhound | Group6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds | not recognised | Coonhound (Black and Tan) Group 2 Hounds | Hound Group | not recognised | not recognised |
| American Leopard Hound (formerly Leopard Cur)[6] | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | Foundation Stock Service | not recognised | not recognised |
| Bluetick Coonhound | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | Miscellaneous Class | Group 4 (Hounds) | Hound Group |
| English Coonhound | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | Foundation Stock Service | not recognised | not recognised |
| Plott Hound | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | Hound Group | not recognised | not recognised |
| Redbone Coonhound | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | Foundation Stock Service | not recognised | not recognised |
| Treeing Walker Coonhound | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | Miscellaneous Class | not recognised | not recognised |
Curs[edit]
| Breed | Fédération Cynologique Internationale | The Kennel Club (UK) | Canadian Kennel Club | American Kennel Club | Australian National Kennel Council | New Zealand Kennel Club |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blackmouth Cur | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Mountain Cur | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Stephens' Cur | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Treeing Cur | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised |
Breeds other than coonhounds and curs[edit]
| Breed | Fédération Cynologique Internationale | The Kennel Club (UK) | Canadian Kennel Club | American Kennel Club | Australian National Kennel Council | New Zealand Kennel Club |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Dachsbracke | (Alpenländische Dachsbracke) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 2 : Leash (scent) Hounds (Austria) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| American Foxhound | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds | not recognised | Group 2 Hounds | Hound Group | not recognised | not recognised |
| English Foxhound | Group6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds | (Foxhound) Hound Group | Group 2 Hounds | Hound Group | (Foxhound) Group 4 (Hounds) | (Foxhound) Hound Group |
| Anglo-Francais de Moyen Venerie | same as the Anglo-Francais de Petit Venerie | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Anglo-Francais de Petit Venerie | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (France)- a LARGE hound for hunting SMALL game, not a small dog | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | ||
| Ariegeois | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Austrian Black and Tan Hound | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Barak | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Bosnia) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Basset Artesien Normand | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | ||
| Basset Bleu De Gascogne | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (France) | Hound Group | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Basset Fauve De Bretagne (Fawn Brittany Basset) | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (France) | Hound Group | not recognised | Group 4 (Hounds) | Hound Group | |
| Basset Hound | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (Great Britain) | Hound Group | Group 2 Hounds | Hound Group | Group 4 (Hounds) | Hound Group |
| Bavarian Mountain Hound | (Bayrischer Gebirgsschweisshund) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 2 : Leash (scent) Hounds (Germany) | Hound Group | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Beagle Harrier | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Beagle | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (Great Britain) | Hound Group | Group 2 Hounds | Hound Group | Group 4 (Hounds) | Hound Group |
| Billy | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Black Forest Hound | Slovensky Kopov, Slovakian Hound) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Bloodhound | (Chien de Saint-Hubert) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (Belgium) | Hound Group | Group 2 Hounds | Hound Group | Group 4 (Hounds) | Hound Group |
| Briquette Griffon Vendeen | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Chien D'Artois | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Chien Francais Blanc et Noir | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Chien Francais Blanc et Orange | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | ||
| Chien Francais Tricolore | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Dachshund | Group 4 Dachshunds | Hound Group | Group 2 Hounds | Hound Group | Group 4 (Hounds) | Hound Group |
| Deutsche Bracke(German Hound) | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Drever | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (Sweden) | not recognised | Group 2 Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Dunker | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Norway) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Estonian Hound | in process of recognition | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Finnish Hound | (Suomenajokoira) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Grand Anglo-Francais Tricolor Hound | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Grand Anglo-Francais White and Black Hound | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Grand Anglo-Francais White and Orange Hound | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Grand Basset Griffon Vendeen | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (France) | Basset Griffon Vendeen (Grand) Hound Group | not recognised | Foundation Stock Service | Group 4 (Hounds) | not recognised |
| Grand Bleu de Gascogne | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (France) | Hound Group | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Grand Gascon-Saintongeois | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Grand Griffon Vendeen | (Grand griffon vendéen, 282) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | |||
| Griffon Bleu de Gascogne | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Griffon Fauve de Bretagne | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | Group 4 (Hounds) | not recognised | |
| Griffon Nivernais | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Hamiltonstovare(Hamilton Hound) | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Sweden) | Hound Group | not recognised | Group 4 (Hounds) | Hound Group | |
| Hanoverian Hound | (Hannover'scher Schweisshund) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 2 : Leash (scent) Hounds (Germany) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Harrier | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Great Britain) | not recognised | Group 2 Hounds | Hound Group | Group 4 (Hounds) | Hound Group |
| Hellenic Hound | (Hellinikos Ichnilatis) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Greece) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Hygen Hound(Hygenhund) | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Norway) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Istrian Coarse-Haired Hound | (Istarski Ostrodlaki Gonic) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Croatia) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Istrian Shorthaired Hound | (Istarski Kratkodlaki Gonic) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Croatia) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | ||
| Italian Hound | (Segugio Italiano) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Italy) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Large Spanish Hound(Sabueso Espanol de Monte) | (only one size is recognized, in the medium-size section) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Otterhound | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds | Hound Group | Group 2 Hounds | Hound Group | Group 4 (Hounds) | Hound Group |
| Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (France) | Basset Griffon Vendeen (Petit) Hound Group | Group 2 Hounds | Hound Group | Group 4 (Hounds) | Hound Group |
| Petit Bleu de Gascogne(Small Blue Gascony Hound) | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3. Small-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Petit Gascon-Saintongeois | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | ||
| Petit Griffon Bleu de Gascogne | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Poitevin | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.1 Large-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Polish Hound | (Ogar Polski) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Porcelaine | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (France) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Posavac Hound | (Posavski Gonic) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Croatia) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Schiller Hound(Schillerstövare) | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Serbian Hound | (Srpski Gonic) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Serbian Tricolor Hound | (Srpski Trobojni Gonic) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Slovakian Hound | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Slovakian Wire-haired Pointing Dog | Slovenský Hrubosrsty Stavac (Ohar) Group 7 Pointing Dogs 1.3 'Griffon' type | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Smaland Hound | (Smålandsstövare) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hound (Sweden) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Small Spanish Hound(Sabueso Espanol Lebero) | (only one size is recognized, in the medium-size section) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Small Swiss Hound | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (Switzerland) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Spanish Hound | (Sabueso Español) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Styrian Coarse-Haired Hound | (Steirische Rauhhaarbracke) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Austria) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Transylvanian Hound | (Erdélyi Kopó) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Tyrolean Hound | (Tiroler Bracke) Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.2 Medium-sized Hounds (Austria) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Welsh Hound | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | |
| Westphalian Dachsbracke | Group 6 Scenthounds and Related Breeds/Section 1 : Scenthounds 1.3 Small-sized Hounds (Germany) | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised | not recognised |
Other registries[edit]
This article only covers the major kennel clubs in the English-speaking world, but there are national clubs in many countries where many of these breeds may also be listed in similar or other Breed Groups.
Many of the regional breeds recognised by the United Kennel Club are very few in number in the United States. As a US-based club they have specialised in the registry of North American breeds, especially hunting and working/utility dogs. The United Kennel Club also lists internationally recognised (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) breeds that are few in number outside their native areas. Many of these are called rare breeds in the United States, and breeders and dog owners may register their dogs with any of the very large number of small breed clubs, dog sport clubs, minor kennel clubs and internet-based dog businesses, in order to participate in the club's or business' activities. For breeds not yet recognised by one of the major kennel clubs, there are usually numerous competing breed clubs for each individual breed.
Not recognised[edit]
A breed that is not recognised by a kennel club means that it has not been sufficiently vetted according to that particular kennel club's rules. It does not mean that the breed is not a breed. A kennel club usually requires a breed to have a large enough breed club to warrant the training of judges for the breed, as well as a specific amount of documentation, to accept a breed.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Coon hunting on ESPN
- ^ United Kennel Club (US) breed information
- ^ vonHoldt, Bridgett M.; John P. Pollinger; Kirk E. Lohmueller; Eunjung Han; Heidi G. Parker; Pascale Quignon; Jeremiah D. Degenhardt; Adam R. Boyko; Dent A. Earl; Adam Auton; Andy Reynolds; Kasia Bryc; Abra Brisbin; James C. Knowles; Dana S. Mosher; Tyrone C. Spady; Abdel Elkahloun; Eli Geffen; Malgorzata Pilot; Wlodzimierz Jedrzejewski; Claudia Greco; Ettore Randi; Danika Bannasch; Alan Wilton; Jeremy Shearman; Marco Musiani; Michelle Cargill; Paul G. Jones; Zuwei Qian; Wei Huang; Zhao-Li Ding; Ya-ping Zhang; Carlos D. Bustamante; Elaine A. Ostrander; John Novembre; Robert K. Wayne (8 April 2010). "Genome-wide SNP and haplotype analyses reveal a rich history underlying dog domestication". Nature. 464 (7290): 898–902. doi:10.1038/nature08837. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 3494089
. PMID 20237475. - ^ United Kennel Club (US) breed information
- ^ Fédération Cynologique Internationale breed nomenclature
- ^ American Leopard Hound Becomes UKC's 7th Coonhound
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